Introduction
Mahatma Gandhi Jayanti is one of India’s most significant national festivals, celebrated every year on October 2nd. It commemorates the birth anniversary of Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, fondly known as the Father of the Nation, who led India’s freedom struggle through the powerful principles of truth (Satya) and non-violence (Ahimsa). This day reminds the nation of his sacrifices and moral leadership that united millions of Indians in the fight against British rule.
Early Life of Gandhi
Mohandas Gandhi was born on 2nd October 1869 in Porbandar, a coastal town in Gujarat. His father, Karamchand Gandhi, was a Diwan (chief minister), and his mother Putlibai was deeply religious. Gandhi was influenced by Jain traditions, especially the ideas of fasting, non-violence, and simplicity.
At the age of 19, Gandhi went to London to study law at Inner Temple. After becoming a barrister, he moved to South Africa in 1893, where he spent 21 years fighting discrimination against the Indian community and shaping his ideology of Satyagraha.
Principles of Non-Violence and Satyagraha
Gandhi’s strategy of Satyagraha – a method of peaceful protest – became a cornerstone of India's freedom struggle. He believed in changing hearts through compassion and conviction, rather than force. His core principles included Ahimsa (non-violence), Satya (truth), Sarvodaya (welfare of all), and Swadeshi (self-reliance).
He spearheaded several historic movements such as:
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Champaran Satyagraha (1917) – for farmers’ rights
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Kheda Movement (1918) – for tax relief
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Non-Cooperation Movement (1920)
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Salt March/Dandi March (1930) – against salt tax
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Quit India Movement (1942) – a mass call to end British rule
National and Global Relevance
Gandhi’s influence extended far beyond India. His philosophy inspired global leaders like Martin Luther King Jr., Nelson Mandela, and the Dalai Lama. Recognizing his contribution to peace, the United Nations declared October 2nd as the International Day of Non-Violence in 2007. His life and teachings are part of moral education worldwide and continue to be studied in schools, universities, and peace forums.
Observance and Celebrations
Gandhi Jayanti is marked by:
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Prayer services and tributes at Rajghat, Gandhi's memorial in New Delhi
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Bhajan renditions, especially “Vaishnav Jan To” and “Raghupati Raghav Raja Ram”
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Swachh Bharat Abhiyan (Clean India Movement) activities in honor of his vision of cleanliness
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Debates, essays, and drawing competitions in schools and colleges
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Documentaries and films on his life aired on television and public platforms
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Volunteering and community service inspired by his commitment to uplift the poor and marginalized
Legacy and Inspirational Influence
Gandhi’s emphasis on spiritual discipline, moral courage, self-restraint, and service to others continues to resonate even today. He promoted simple living and high thinking, wore khadi to encourage self-reliance, and opposed untouchability, advocating equality for all.
His autobiography, The Story of My Experiments with Truth, remains a deeply introspective work admired globally.
Conclusion
Gandhi Jayanti is more than just a tribute to a freedom fighter—it is a call to live by the values of peace, humility, and justice. In an increasingly divided and fast-paced world, Gandhi’s message reminds us to pause, reflect, and lead lives of integrity, compassion, and purpose. The celebration of this day encourages individuals, especially youth, to build a future rooted in non-violence and truth.